{"id":6301,"date":"2017-12-17T12:21:22","date_gmt":"2017-12-17T11:21:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/balkon.art\/home\/?p=6301"},"modified":"2024-06-07T17:38:13","modified_gmt":"2024-06-07T15:38:13","slug":"a-gozgep-mint-metaforagyar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/balkon.art\/home\/a-gozgep-mint-metaforagyar\/","title":{"rendered":"A g\u0151zg\u00e9p mint metaforagy\u00e1r"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” top_margin=”20″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]\n

A felh\u0151 techno-metaforol\u00f3gi\u00e1j\u00e1r\u00f3l<\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”25″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”0″ bottom_padding=”0″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]A digit\u00e1lis kapitalizmus legfontosabb sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1stechnikai fogalmai \u2013 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a felh\u0151<\/em> (cloud<\/em>), \u00e1raml\u00e1s<\/em> (stream<\/em>), b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat<\/em> (mining<\/em>) \u00e9s \u00ed.t.<\/em> \u2013 olyan meteorol\u00f3giai \u00e9s geol\u00f3giai tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9gekt\u0151l k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nzik nev\u00fcket, amelyek nem csup\u00e1n e diszkr\u00e9t sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1si folyamatokat pr\u00f3b\u00e1lj\u00e1k meg metaforikus d\u00fas\u00edt\u00e1s r\u00e9v\u00e9n k\u00f6z\u00e9rthet\u0151v\u00e9 tenni, de egy\u00fattal e technol\u00f3giai folyamatok m\u00f6g\u00f6tti nyersanyag sz\u00fcks\u00e9gletek \u00e9rz\u00e9ki materialit\u00e1s\u00e1t is hangs\u00falyozz\u00e1k. Mintha csak e metaforikus g\u00e9pezetekbe lenne k\u00f3dolva mindazon tud\u00e1s, amely a g\u00e9p\/anyag, technol\u00f3gia\/term\u00e9szet dialektika meghalad\u00e1s\u00e1hoz lenne sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges. Annak a felismer\u00e9snek a kulcsa, hogy nem csup\u00e1n a g\u00e9pek k\u00e9sz\u00fclhetnek anyagokb\u00f3l, de bizonyos \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9sekben maguk az anyagok a g\u00e9pek.<\/p>\n

Hasonl\u00f3 potenci\u00e1llal b\u00edr a g\u0151zp\u00e1ra<\/em> (steam; vapour<\/em>) hipermetafor\u00e1ja is, amely egyszerre term\u00e9szeti fenom\u00e9n, ugyanakkor az \u00e1tv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s, az elt\u0171n\u00e9s, a megsemmis\u00fcl\u00e9s \u00e9s valamiv\u00e9 v\u00e1l\u00e1s metaforag\u00e9pezete is. \u201eMinden, ami rendi \u00e9s \u00e1lland\u00f3, elp\u00e1rolog\u201d \u2013 \u00edrja Marx<\/span> \u00e9s Engels<\/span> a Kommunista Ki\u00e1ltv\u00e1ny<\/em>ban (1848), egy olyan korszakban, amelyben a g\u0151zg\u00e9p a technol\u00f3giai fejl\u0151d\u00e9s korszakos m\u00e9dium\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1lt. Mondhatni, Marx \u00e9s Engels a g\u0151z-metaforika t\u00falhajt\u00e1s\u00e1n kereszt\u00fcl egy\u00fattal a g\u0151zg\u00e9p k\u00e9pe \u00e1ltal megtestes\u00edtett t\u00e1rsadalmi berendezked\u00e9ssel szembeni forradalmi k\u00e9tely\u00fcket is bejelentett\u00e9k. A g\u0151zg\u00e9p mint produkci\u00f3s szerkezet nem a \u201esemmib\u0151l\u201d hoz l\u00e9tre energi\u00e1t, hanem a kapitalizmus akcelerat\u00edv burj\u00e1nz\u00e1s\u00e1nak technol\u00f3giai metafor\u00e1ja. A kapitalista \u201eelp\u00e1rologtat\u00e1s\u201d a rend\u00edthetetlennek hitt t\u00e1rsadalmi \u00e9s gazdas\u00e1gi viszonyok elt\u00fcntet\u00e9se egy olyan megszents\u00e9gtelen\u00edt\u00e9s, ami balj\u00f3s p\u00e1r\u00e1t hoz l\u00e9tre. A r\u00e9gi rendet azonban nem egyszer\u0171en elt\u00fcnteti a kapitalizmus, hanem fantomszer\u0171 energi\u00e1v\u00e1 alak\u00edtja, hiszen az \u00e1ruk metamorf\u00f3zisa olyan idealiz\u00e1ci\u00f3s folyamat, mely dezinkarn\u00e1ci\u00f3s jelleg\u00e9b\u0151l ad\u00f3d\u00f3an k\u00eds\u00e9rtetk\u00e9pz\u0151 (spectropo\u00e9tique) \u2013 ahogy azt Derrida<\/span> \u00edrja a Marx k\u00eds\u00e9rtetei<\/em>ben (1993). Az \u00faj vil\u00e1g massz\u00edv g\u0151ze teh\u00e1t nem a r\u00e9gi rend \u201e\u00fcres hely\u00e9n\u201d j\u00f6n l\u00e9tre tiszta virtualit\u00e1sk\u00e9nt, hiszen a lid\u00e9rc fenomenalit\u00e1sa \u00e9rz\u00e9kfeletti \u00e9rz\u00e9kis\u00e9g, vagyis nem puszta testetlens\u00e9g. A g\u0151zg\u00e9p k\u00eds\u00e9rtetg\u00e9p, mely egy szem\u00e9lyes \u00e9s tulajdons\u00e1gok n\u00e9lk\u00fcli \u00e9let termel\u00e9s\u00e9t c\u00e9lozza. A szellemb\u0151l g\u0151z lett, de ez a balj\u00f3s p\u00e1ra nem a szellem hi\u00e1nya, hanem k\u00eds\u00e9rtetszer\u0171 visszat\u00e9r\u00e9se a kapitalizmus vall\u00e1s\u00e1ba. Ez a k\u00eds\u00e9rteties visszat\u00e9r\u00e9s azonban olykor nem v\u00e1rt p\u00e1ralecsap\u00f3d\u00e1sok form\u00e1j\u00e1t \u00f6ltheti, hiszen a fasizmus is tekinthet\u0151 az akcelerat\u00edv kapitalista t\u00e1rsadalom m\u00e9regszer\u0171 lep\u00e1rl\u00f3d\u00e1sak\u00e9nt. Csak \u00fagy, ahogyan Marinetti<\/span> \u00e9s az olasz futurist\u00e1k g\u0151zg\u00e9pek gomolyg\u00f3 f\u00fcstfelh\u0151i ir\u00e1nti pervert\u00e1lt obszesszi\u00f3j\u00e1t is olvashatjuk a g\u0151zmetaforika forradalmi potenci\u00e1lj\u00e1nak \u2013 marxi terminussal sz\u00f3lva \u2013 dezaktualiz\u00e1l\u00f3d\u00e1s<\/em>ak\u00e9nt (Entwirklichung<\/em>): \u201eMeg fogjuk \u00e9nekelni a munk\u00e1t\u00f3l, \u00f6r\u00f6mt\u0151l, vagy a lend\u00fclett\u0151l felkavart nagy t\u00f6megeket: meg\u00e9nekelj\u00fck a forradalmak soksz\u00edn\u0171 \u00e9s sokhang\u00fa \u00e1radatait a modern vil\u00e1gv\u00e1rosokban; meg\u00e9nekelj\u00fck a fegyvergy\u00e1rak \u00e9s vad villamos holdakt\u00f3l megvil\u00e1g\u00edtott haj\u00f3gy\u00e1rak vibr\u00e1l\u00f3 \u00e9jszakai t\u00fcz\u00e9t; a moh\u00f3 \u00e1llom\u00e1sokat, melyek f\u00fcst\u00f6lg\u0151 k\u00edgy\u00f3kat nyelnek el; a csavart f\u00fcstj\u00fck sz\u00e1l\u00e1n felh\u0151kre f\u00fcggesztett m\u0171helyeket; a hidakat, melyek mint \u00f3ri\u00e1si torn\u00e1szok kapaszkodnak \u00e1t a foly\u00f3kon s k\u00e9spengek\u00e9nt villognak a napf\u00e9nyben; a kalandos g\u0151zhaj\u00f3kat, melyek a l\u00e1t\u00f3hat\u00e1rt k\u00e9mlelik, a sz\u00e9les kebl\u0171 lokomot\u00edvokat, melyek mint hatalmas, cs\u00f6vekkel kant\u00e1rozott f\u00e9mlovak toporz\u00e9kolnak a s\u00edneken, \u00e9s sikl\u00f3 sz\u00e1ll\u00e1s\u00e1t a rep\u00fcl\u0151g\u00e9peknek, melyek l\u00e9gcsavarja z\u00e1szl\u00f3k\u00e9nt csattog a sz\u00e9lben, s \u00fagy tapsol, mint a lelkes t\u00f6meg.\u201d (Futurista Ki\u00e1ltv\u00e1ny<\/em>, 1909)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” top_margin=”0″ bottom_margin=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” el_class=”box-l20″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” offset=”vc_col-sm-offset-0 vc_hidden-sm vc_hidden-xs”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”full_width_content” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” el_class=”full-16r” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”50″][image_with_animation image_url=”6311″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”Fade In From Left” animation_easing=”default” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”center” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default” el_class=”full-img”][vc_column_text]\n

\u00a9 Aleksandr Delev<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”80″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Hasonl\u00f3an napjaink posztdigit\u00e1lis kult\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1hoz, amelynek els\u0151dleges jelent\u00e9se kor\u00e1ntsem az, hogy nem digit\u00e1lis t\u00f6bb\u00e9, s\u0151t, \u00e9ppenhogy tov\u00e1bbra is, vagy egyre ink\u00e1bb az. \u00c1m ezzel p\u00e1rhuzamosan kezd kialakulni egy olyanfajta szkepszis e kultur\u00e1lis paradigm\u00e1val szemben, ami sz\u00fcks\u00e9gszer\u0171en l\u00e9trehozza az ut\u00e1nis\u00e1g<\/em>, a posztizmus<\/em> korszak\u00e9lm\u00e9ny\u00e9t is. Amely ebben az esetben a digit\u00e1lis infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1k fokozatos demokratiz\u00e1l\u00f3d\u00e1sa, sz\u00e9lesk\u00f6r\u0171v\u00e9, h\u00e9tk\u00f6znapiv\u00e1 v\u00e1l\u00e1sa f\u00f6l\u00f6tti euf\u00f3ria, \u00e9s az ezzel szemben t\u00e1masztott k\u00e9tely \u00e9s f\u00e9lelem egy\u00fcttes kifejez\u0151d\u00e9se. A posztdigit\u00e1lis paradigma ugyanakkor utal egyfajta megel\u0151z\u00f6tts\u00e9g<\/em>re, vagy technol\u00f3giai a priori jellegre is, ami abban \u00e1ll, hogy a planet\u00e1ris komput\u00e1ci\u00f3k \u00e9s az ezen sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1sok mater\u00e1lis h\u00e1tter\u00e9\u00fcl szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1k nyom\u00e1n minden dolog \u00f6sszek\u00f6ttet\u00e9sben van mindennel, mondhatni, a dolgok csup\u00e1n ebben a digit\u00e1lis vil\u00e1ggal val\u00f3 \u00f6sszek\u00f6ttet\u00e9s\u00fckben nyernek \u00e9rtelmet. Jelentheti tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 a klasszikus binarit\u00e1sok, \u00edgy p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul g\u00e9p-ember, anal\u00f3g-digit\u00e1lis, materi\u00e1lis-immateri\u00e1lis stb. felsz\u00e1mol\u00f3d\u00e1s\u00e1t, az ellent\u00e9tp\u00e1rok fokoz\u00f3d\u00f3 hibridiz\u00e1l\u00f3d\u00e1s\u00e1t, az egym\u00e1snak l\u00e1tsz\u00f3lag ellentmond\u00f3 fogalmak k\u00f6z\u00f6tti viszontfert\u0151z\u00e9st is. De jelez egyfajta endista-finalista aspektust is, ami a napnyugati gondolkod\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9netet a kereszt\u00e9ny eszkatol\u00f3gi\u00e1t\u00f3l kezdve, Marxon, Hegel<\/span>en kereszt\u00fcl eg\u00e9szen a posztmodern endizmusok<\/em>ig (Fukuyama, Danto, Belting<\/span>) v\u00e9gigk\u00eds\u00e9rte. A megel\u0151z\u00f6tts\u00e9g \u00e9s az endizmus paradox k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nviszonya a kibicsaklott, kificamodott, kiz\u00f6kkent \u00e9s megrend\u00edtett id\u0151szerkezetr\u0151l besz\u00e9l. A kapitalizmus v\u00e9gtelenbe gyorsul\u00f3 p\u00e1rologtat\u00e1sa a t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelem \u00e9s a vil\u00e1g sz\u00e9tv\u00e1lts\u00e1g\u00e1t, a \u201cThe time is out of joint\u201d \u2013 hamleti tapasztalat\u00e1t id\u00e9zi meg. Hamlet \u00e9s Marx a kort\u00e1rs g\u0151zkult\u00fara k\u00f6z\u00f6s h\u0151sei, hiszen a posztizmus val\u00f3j\u00e1ban egy id\u0151betegs\u00e9g,<\/em> az anakronizmus<\/em> alakzata. Az anakronizmus az a rosszul id\u0151z\u00edtetts\u00e9g, amikor megpr\u00f3b\u00e1ljuk elgondolni a balj\u00f3s p\u00e1r\u00e1t, \u00e9s az id\u0151 nem visszafordul, hanem keresztbe, vagyis nem a r\u00e9gi rend t\u00e9r vissza, hanem a kapitalizmus vil\u00e1g\u00e1llapot\u00e1ban elt\u00e9ved\u00fcnk a g\u0151zben.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” el_class=”box-l20″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” offset=”vc_col-sm-offset-0 vc_hidden-sm vc_hidden-xs”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”full_width_content” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”left-right” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” el_class=”full-16l” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”50″][image_with_animation image_url=”6313″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”Fade In From Right” animation_easing=”default” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”center” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default” el_class=”full-img”][vc_column_text]\n

\u00a9 Aleksandr Delev<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”80″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]A vaporwave minden bizonnyal ennek a gazdag metaforateny\u00e9szetnek az egyik f\u00e1rad\u00e9konyabb v\u00edrusfogalma. A vaporwave g\u0151ze f\u00e1radt g\u0151z, fantomteny\u00e9szet. Mint pneumatikus-hidraulikus metafora, ami els\u0151sorban a l\u00e9gz\u00e9shez \u00e9s az \u00e1raml\u00e1shoz kapcsol\u00f3dik. A vapor, a p\u00e1ra fogalma az \u00f3g\u00f6r\u00f6g pneuma<\/em> sz\u00f3ra vezet\u0151dik vissza, amely a l\u00e9lek, l\u00e9lekz\u00e9s, l\u00e9g<\/em> magyar szavaink jelent\u00e9seiben is tov\u00e1bb \u00e9l. A p\u00e1ra l\u00e9gnem\u0171 anyag amely kicsap\u00f3dik, bel\u00e9gz\u0151dik, teh\u00e1t egyfajta \u00f6kon\u00f3mia, k\u00f6rk\u00f6r\u00f6ss\u00e9g jellemzi, \u00e9s aminek a megl\u00e9te az \u00e9let jele is, a hi\u00e1nya pedig a hal\u00e1l\u00e9. A l\u00e9gz\u00e9s egy\u00fattal az oralit\u00e1ssal \u00e9s a nazalit\u00e1ssal is \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg, teh\u00e1t hang \u00e9s ez\u00e1ltal az \u00e9rtelemk\u00e9pz\u0151d\u00e9s helyei is k\u00f6t\u0151dnek hozz\u00e1. Ugyanakkor a l\u00e9gz\u00e9ssel \u00f6sszekapcsolt hang<\/em> (phon\u00e9<\/em>) \u00f6kon\u00f3mi\u00e1ja el is k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00fcl a logosz rendszer\u00e9t\u0151l, hiszen az \u00e9rtelem \u00fagy telepszik r\u00e1 a hangra, hogy egy\u00fattal ki is t\u00f6rli azt, mintha a jelent\u00e9salkot\u00f3 nyelv megpr\u00f3b\u00e1ln\u00e1 denaturaliz\u00e1lni saj\u00e1t term\u00e9szeti eredet\u00e9t. Az embernek m\u00e1r csak nyelve van, de nincs hangja, \u00edrja Giorgio Agamben<\/span>, vagyis a nyelv kapitalista rendszere elp\u00e1rologtatja a hangot, mik\u00f6zben k\u00eds\u00e9rteties m\u00f3don annak fenomenalit\u00e1s\u00e1b\u00f3l t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkozik. Erre a spektropo\u00e9tikus folyamatra csatlakozik r\u00e1 a g\u0151z metaforol\u00f3gi\u00e1ja, mely, mint m\u00e1r eml\u00edtett\u00fck, az ipari forradalom, a t\u00f6megtermel\u00e9s, urbaniz\u00e1ci\u00f3, demogr\u00e1fiai expl\u00f3zi\u00f3, a mobilit\u00e1s infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1t kialak\u00edt\u00f3 folyamatok, a moderniz\u00e1ci\u00f3hoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges technol\u00f3gi\u00e1k alapeleme, mag\u00e1nak a halad\u00e1snak a szupermetafor\u00e1ja. Gondoljunk ak\u00e1r Monet<\/span> g\u0151zmozdonyos festm\u00e9nyeire vagy Marinetti vonatkoz\u00f3 verseire. De a legszeml\u00e9letesebb p\u00e9lda Zola<\/span> La B\u00eate Humaine<\/em> c\u00edm\u0171 reg\u00e9nye (1890), melyben a machine humaine<\/em> naturalista antropol\u00f3gi\u00e1ja termodinamikai metaforik\u00e1val jelen\u00edt\u0151dik meg. A reg\u00e9ny f\u0151h\u0151se Jacques Lantier, aki egy biol\u00f3giai \u00e1t\u00f6r\u00f6kl\u0151d\u00e9ssel magyar\u00e1zott \u201en\u00e9vrose se tournant en folie homicide\u201d-ban szenved, foglalkoz\u00e1s\u00e1t tekintve mozdonyvezet\u0151. Az indusztri\u00e1lis mili\u0151be belevetve az ember \u00e9s g\u00e9p k\u00f6zti k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nviszonyok v\u00e1lnak uralkod\u00f3v\u00e1, Lantier is csak Lison n\u00e9vre keresztelt g\u0151zmozdonya seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel k\u00e9pes \u00e9letprogramj\u00e1t ir\u00e1ny\u00edtani, mely kiz\u00f6kkent v\u00e1gy\u00f6kon\u00f3mi\u00e1j\u00e1nak az egyens\u00falyban tart\u00e1s\u00e1ra ir\u00e1nyult. A sebess\u00e9g \u00e9s a destrukci\u00f3 \u00e1tj\u00e1rj\u00e1k egym\u00e1t a v\u00e1gy mozg\u00e1s\u00e1ban, hiszen Lantier saj\u00e1t \u0151s\u00e1llati k\u00e9sztet\u00e9seit a mozdony gyorsul\u00f3 test\u00e9be kanaliz\u00e1lja, de ez m\u00e9gse vezet Aufhebunghoz, mert a libidin\u00e1lis p\u00e1rologtat\u00e1s megintcsak k\u00eds\u00e9rteteket sz\u00fcl, melyekkel a mozdonyvezet\u0151 nem tud megbirk\u00f3zni. Az indusztri\u00e1lis rendszer gyorsul\u00e1sa t\u00f6megkatasztr\u00f3f\u00e1hoz, a mozdony megsemmis\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s k\u00e9jgyilkoss\u00e1gokhoz vezet, mintha a G\u0151zg\u00e9p mint V\u00e1gyg\u00e9p termel\u00e9se minden idealiz\u00e1ci\u00f3 ellen\u00e9re sem lenne kontroll\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a kapitalista strukt\u00fara keretei k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. \u201eA polg\u00e1ri termel\u00e9si \u00e9s \u00e9rintkez\u00e9si viszonyok, a polg\u00e1ri tulajdonviszonyok, a modern polg\u00e1ri t\u00e1rsadalom, amely oly hatalmas termel\u00e9si \u00e9s \u00e9rintkez\u00e9si eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket var\u00e1zsolt el\u0151, ahhoz a boszork\u00e1nymesterhez hasonl\u00edt, aki nem ura t\u00f6bb\u00e9 az \u00e1ltala felid\u00e9zett f\u00f6ldalatti hatalmaknak.\u201d (Marx) A G\u0151zg\u00e9p mint V\u00e1gyg\u00e9p a konjur\u00e1ci\u00f3 m\u00e9diuma, vagyis egy olyan kapitalista fekete m\u00e1gia eszk\u00f6ze, mely egyszerre pr\u00f3b\u00e1lja megh\u00edvni, vagyis munk\u00e1ba \u00e1ll\u00edtani a k\u00eds\u00e9rteteket, mik\u00f6zben obstru\u00e1lja is a munk\u00e1jukat, hiszen szeretn\u00e9 ki\u0171zni \u0151ket a termel\u00e9sb\u0151l. De termel\u00e9s nincs k\u00eds\u00e9rtetk\u00e9pz\u00e9s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl. A megh\u00edv\u00e1s \u00e9s ki\u0171z\u00e9s termodinamikai logik\u00e1ja ki akarja engedni a f\u00e1radt g\u0151zt, Lantier-nek meg kell k\u00f6nnyebb\u00fclnie, de ez a szelepkeres\u00e9s is csak \u00fajabb termel\u00e9sbe, a f\u00f6ldalatti hatalmak elszabadul\u00e1s\u00e1ba torkollik. Ebb\u0151l a perspekt\u00edv\u00e1b\u00f3l v\u00e1lik \u00e9rthet\u0151v\u00e9 a vaporwave-hez t\u00e1rs\u00edtott vaporware fogalom, mely a piaci manipul\u00e1ci\u00f3 egyik strat\u00e9gi\u00e1j\u00e1t jelzi, miszerint egy rekl\u00e1mkamp\u00e1ny \u00e1ltal bemutatott \u00e9s brandingelt,<\/em> de val\u00f3j\u00e1ban el nem k\u00e9sz\u00fclt term\u00e9k forgalomba hoz\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l van sz\u00f3. Imagin\u00e1rius forgalomr\u00f3l, olyan fantomhelyzetr\u0151l, melyben egy el-nem-\u00e9rkez\u0151 j\u00f6v\u0151 v\u00e1gyk\u00e9nt jelenti be \u00f6nmag\u00e1t.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” el_class=”box-l20″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” offset=”vc_col-sm-offset-0 vc_hidden-sm vc_hidden-xs”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”50″][image_with_animation image_url=”6315″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”Fade In” animation_easing=”default” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”center” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default” el_class=”full-img”][vc_column_text]\n

\u00a9 Aleksandr Delev<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”50″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]Hasonl\u00f3an p\u00e1raszer\u0171, konjurat\u00edv fogalom a felh\u0151alap\u00fa sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1stechnik\u00e1k metaforol\u00f3giai alapj\u00e1t k\u00e9pez\u0151 \u201efelh\u0151k\u201d techno-meteorol\u00f3giai<\/em> v\u00e1gyk\u00e9pzete is. Mi t\u00f6bb, mik\u00e9nt arra James Bridle<\/span> Cloud Index<\/em> c\u00edm\u0171, a londoni Serpentine Galleryben a m\u00falt \u00e9vben bemutatott projektje1<\/span> is r\u00e1mutatott, m\u00e1r a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1stechnikai fejl\u0151d\u00e9s t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9nek kezdeti szakasz\u00e1t is a felh\u0151k kalkul\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak k\u00eds\u00e9rteties r\u00f6geszm\u00e9je jellemezi. A digit\u00e1lis felh\u0151-metaforika bels\u0151 evol\u00faci\u00f3ja ugyanis voltak\u00e9ppen a felh\u0151k kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9s mozg\u00e1s\u00e1t sz\u00e1mol\u00f3\/sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3 g\u00e9pek nagyon is val\u00f3sszer\u0171 fantazm\u00e1it\u00f3l a \u201efelh\u0151k mint sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pek\u201d l\u00e9gnem\u0171 fantomk\u00e9pzete fel\u00e9 \u00edvel. Mert, amint arra Bridle is felh\u00edvja a figyelmet, a legels\u0151 digit\u00e1lis sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9peknek els\u0151sorban k\u00e9t d\u00f6nt\u0151 feladatuk volt: egyfel\u0151l atomrobban\u00e1sok szimul\u00e1l\u00e1sa, m\u00e1sfel\u0151l az id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1s el\u0151rejelz\u00e9se, s\u0151t: programoz\u00e1sa \u2212 gombafelh\u0151t\u0151l a cumulusig.<\/p>\n

\u201cData is the atomic bomb of the twenty-first century.\u201d \u2212 \u00edrja Bridle, mintegy arra figyelmeztetve benn\u00fcnket, hogy az adatfelh\u0151k fantomk\u00e9pzete m\u00f6g\u00f6tt atomfelh\u0151k balj\u00f3s kont\u00farjai sejlenek fel.<\/p>\n

Felmer\u00fcl ugyanakkor a s\u00fcrget\u0151 k\u00e9rd\u00e9s, hogy mikor k\u00f6vetkezik be, illetve ha bek\u00f6vetkezik, felfogjuk-e ismerni a digit\u00e1lis kapitalizmus t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelemform\u00e1l\u00f3 katasztr\u00f3f\u00e1it? Vagy ami m\u00e9gink\u00e1bb h\u00e1tborzongat\u00f3 lehet\u0151s\u00e9gk\u00e9nt k\u00edn\u00e1lkozik, mintegy a jelen\u00fcnket k\u00eds\u00e9rt\u0151 balj\u00f3s szorong\u00e1s forr\u00e1sak\u00e9nt a lehet\u0151s\u00e9g, hogy nap mint nap szem\u00fcnk el\u0151tt, h\u00fcvelykujjnyi t\u00e1vols\u00e1gra k\u00eds\u00e9rj\u00fck nyomon tehetetlen\u00fcl a digit\u00e1lis kor Hiroshim\u00e1it, Nagasakiait, Csernobiljait. Vajon k\u00e9sz\u00fcl-e ezekr\u0151l az esem\u00e9nyekr\u0151l is hasonl\u00f3 dokument\u00e1ci\u00f3, mint amilyen a Jack Aeby<\/span> \u00e1ltal k\u00e9sz\u00edtett sz\u00ednes fot\u00f3felv\u00e9tel is, amely az \u00daj-Mexik\u00f3i Trinity-m\u0171velet<\/em> keret\u00e9ben 1945 j\u00falius 16-\u00e1n a vil\u00e1gon els\u0151k\u00e9nt felrobbantott atombomba deton\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1t k\u00eds\u00e9r\u0151 felh\u0151k\u00e9pz\u0151dm\u00e9ny eml\u00e9k\u00e9t \u0151rzi?2<\/span><\/p>\n

Nukle\u00e1ris meteor\u00f3l\u00f3gia \u00e9s pneumatikus metaforol\u00f3gia<\/em> teh\u00e1t voltka\u00e9ppen a felh\u0151k\u00e9pz\u0151d\u00e9s fiziogn\u00f3mi\u00e1j\u00e1n kereszt\u00fcl kapcsol\u00f3dik v\u00e9gletesen egym\u00e1sba, mi\u00e1ltal a cloud-computing felh\u0151i nem csup\u00e1n szkeumorfikus meton\u00edmi\u00e1kk\u00e9nt, hanem a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1stechnika evolut\u00edv v\u00e1gyg\u00e9pezetei<\/em>k\u00e9nt leplez\u0151dnek le. \u00cdgy teh\u00e1t a \u201ecloud\u201d metafor\u00e1ja nem csup\u00e1n a technol\u00f3giai akceler\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e1ltal termel\u0151d\u0151 idegenszer\u0171s\u00e9g ellen\u00e9ben munk\u00e1lkod\u00f3 adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3s fogalom, amely seg\u00edt otthonosk\u00e9nt elsaj\u00e1t\u00edtani a technol\u00f3giai k\u00eds\u00e9rtetiest, de egy\u00fatt\u00e1l r\u00e1mutat arra is, hogy az adatok \u00f6kon\u00f3mi\u00e1ja \u00e9s \u00f6kol\u00f3gi\u00e1ja egy\u00fcttesen hozz\u00e1k l\u00e9tre a digit\u00e1lis kapitalizmus planet\u00e1ris infrastruk\u00far\u00e1i<\/em>t. Ugyanakkor ez a fajta metaforiz\u00e1ci\u00f3 egy\u00fattal maga is elp\u00e1rologtat\u00e1s: a cloud metaforikus p\u00e1r\u00e1ja ugyanis elfedi a felh\u0151alap\u00fa sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1stechnikai infrastruk\u00far\u00e1k val\u00f3di \u00f6kol\u00f3gi\u00e1j\u00e1t, amely a ritkaf\u00e9mek \u00e9s \u00e1sv\u00e1nyok molekul\u00e1ris szf\u00e9r\u00e1j\u00e1t\u00f3l az optikai vezet\u00e9kek, m\u00e9lytengeri k\u00e1belek, m\u0171holdak, f\u00f6ldalatti szerverfarmok megastrukt\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1ig terjed.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” el_class=”box-l20″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” offset=”vc_col-sm-offset-0″][divider line_type=”Small Line” line_alignment=”default” line_thickness=”4″ divider_color=”accent-color” custom_height=”20″ custom_line_width=”100″][vc_column_text]\n

1<\/p>\n

\/\/www.serpentinegalleries.org\/exhibitions-events\/james-bridle-digital-commission<\/a> | \/\/cloudindx.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n

2<\/p>\n

\/\/www.manhattanprojectvoices.org\/oral-histories\/jack-aebys-interview<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”full_width_content” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”60″][image_with_animation image_url=”6317″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”Fade In” animation_easing=”default” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”center” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default” el_class=”full-img”][vc_column_text]\n

\u00a9 Aleksandr Delev<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”60″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”60″][image_with_animation image_url=”6318″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”Fade In” animation_easing=”default” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”center” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default” el_class=”full-img” delay=”300″][vc_column_text]\n

\u00a9 Aleksandr Delev<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”full_width_content” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” vertically_center_columns=”true” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”center” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” color_overlay=”rgba(255,255,255,0.92)” overlay_strength=”0.95″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” el_class=”p-2-1″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”]

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